Elaine Showalter
And
Gayatri Spivak
And
Gayatri Spivak
Here is my blog on Thinking Activity on Feminism view of Elaine Showalter and Gayatri Spivak, the task assigned by Dr. Dilip Barad sir. First let us see brief introduction about author.
☆ Brief introduction about author :-
Born : 21st January 1941
" Spark asks whether men or Women are in the driver's seat and whether the power to choose one's destroyer is women's only form of self assertion. "
- Elaine Showalter
Elaine Showalter is an American literary critic, feminist and writer of cultural and social issues. She is the founder of feminist literary Criticism in U. S . She wrote many books and articles about feminist views and best known for her popular culture and academic work field. Especially her writing is best known for madness and hysteria in literature and portrayal of women's character in the time of Victorian literature. Her Best known works are :
☆ Her Views on Feminism :-
Her Book, " Inventing Herself " (2001 ) is better for understanding feminist tradition and it is about a survey of feminist icon. Her essays and editorial works provides the history of the feminist tradition within the wilderness of literary theory and Criticism. Mostly her writing reflects importance of mapping her discipline's past in order to both ground it in substantive theory that will be inform a path for future academic pursuit.
In her work " Toward a Feminist Poetics " she suggesting that the history of women literature divided into three part :
1. Feminine :-
According to her in this phase ( 1840 - 1880 ) " Women wrote in an effort to equal the Intellectual achievements of the male culture and internalized its assumptions about female nature. "
2. Feminist :-
In this phase ( 1880 - 1920 ) was characterised by women's writing that protested against male standard and values and advocated women's rights and values including a demand for autonomy.
3. Female :-
The phase " Female " ( 1920 - ) is one of self discovery. she says " Women reject both imitation and protest - two forms of dependency and turn instead to female experience as the source of an autonomous art, extending the Feminist analysis of culture to the forms and techniques of literature. "
Gayatri Spivak
Born : 24th February 1942
Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak is an Indian Scholar, feminist critic and literary theorist. She is working as a professor at Columbia university. Spivak is best known for her essay, " Can the Subaltern Speak ?" Spivak was awarded the 2012 Kyoto prize in Arts and Philosophy for being a critical theorist and educator speaking for the humanities against intellectual colonialism in relation to the globalized world. In 2013, she received the Padma Bhushan , the third highest civilian award given by the republic of India. In May 2018, Spivak signed a collective letter to New York University to defend Avital Ronell against the charge of sexual abuse from NYU graduate student Nimrod Reitman. Her best known works are :
♧ Myself Must I Remake : The Life and Poetry of W.B Yeats (1974)
♧ Of Grammatology ( 1976)
♧ Can the Subaltern Speak ? ( 1988 )
♧ Selected Subaltern studies ( 1988 )
♧ Readings ( 2014 )
♧ Imaginary Maps ( 1994 )
♧ Breast Stories ( 1997 )
♧ Old Women ( 1999 )
In " Can the Subaltern speak?" Spivak deconstructs the concept of silencing or giving a voice to the " others " Spivak argues that the inherent goal of post colonial studies to help create a platform for the several reasons. In post colonial studies this concept of the others specifies a sub group called " Subaltern native " which has been oppressed by colonizers. She believes that " Gendering is a bigger institution than anything in the world. "
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